Book of Abraham and Egyptian Material
In early July 1835, Joseph Smith
and other Latter-day Saints in Kirtland, Ohio, acquired four ancient
Egyptian mummies and several papyrus scrolls from Michael Chandler,
an antiquities dealer visiting the area. Later that year and in
early 1836, Joseph Smith and his scribes spent considerable time
engaged in two separate but related endeavors: the translation of
the Book of Abraham, a first-person narrative recounting a portion
of the life of the biblical patriarch Abraham; and a language-study
effort that produced a number of Egyptian alphabet and grammar
manuscripts. The Book of Abraham was published in the church’s
periodical Times and Seasons in Nauvoo, Illinois, in
March and May 1842. This published version was introduced as “A
translation Of some ancient Records that have fallen into our hands,
from the Catecombs of Egypt, purporting to be the writings of
Abraham, while he was in Egypt, called the Book of Abraham, written by his own hand, upon papyrus.”
The Book of Abraham was officially accepted as scripture by the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1880 and is included
today in the volume of scripture known as the Pearl of Great Price.
For further introductory information, see “Book of Abraham and Related Manuscripts” on this website.
The following documents or other materials related to the Book of Abraham are available on this website:
1. Book of Abraham Manuscript, circa July–circa November
1835–A [Abraham 1:4–2:6] (handwriting of Frederick
G. Williams)
2. Book of Abraham Manuscript, circa July–circa November
1835–B [Abraham 1:4–2:2] (handwriting of Warren
Parrish)
3. Book of Abraham Manuscript, circa July–circa November
1835–C [Abraham 1:1–2:18] (handwriting of Warren
Parrish and William W. Phelps)
4. Book of Abraham Manuscript and Explanation of Facsimile
1, circa February 1842 [Abraham 1:1–2:18]
(handwriting of Willard Richards)
5. Explanation of Facsimile 2, circa 15 March 1842
(handwriting of Willard Richards)
6. Book of Abraham Manuscript, 8–circa 15 March 1842
[Abraham 3:18–26] (handwriting of Willard
Richards)
8. Book of Abraham and Facsimiles, 1 March–16 May
1842 (published in Times and
Seasons)
The following Egyptian materials are available on this website:
8. Egyptian Alphabet, circa Early July–circa November
1835–A (handwriting of JS, Oliver Cowdery, and
William W. Phelps)
9. Egyptian Alphabet, circa Early July–circa November
1835–B (handwriting of Oliver Cowdery)
10. Egyptian Alphabet, circa Early July–circa November
1835–C (handwriting of William W. Phelps and
Warren Parrish)
Additionally, the Abraham and Egyptian materials and projects are referenced elsewhere in Joseph Smith’s papers. Some of these references are listed below:
Joseph Smith, Journal, 1
Oct. 1835; 3 Oct. 1835; 7
Oct. 1835; 14 Nov. 1835; 17
Nov. 1835; 19 Nov. 1835; 24
Nov. 1835; 25 Nov. 1835; 26
Nov. 1835; 12 Dec. 1835; 16
Dec. 1835; 17 Feb. 1836; 6
May 1838; 23 Feb.
1842; 2 Mar.
1842; 4 Mar.
1842; 8 Mar.
1842