Minutes, Discourse, and Blessings, 1 March 1835
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Source Note
Minutes, Discourse, and Blessings, [, Geauga Co., OH], 1 Mar. 1835. Featured version copied [not before 25 Feb. 1836] in Minute Book 1, pp. 172–186; handwriting of ; CHL. For more complete source information, see the source note for Minute Book 1.
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Historical Introduction
On the morning of 1 March 1835, church members convened a meeting in , Ohio, apparently as a continuation of a meeting that had adjourned on 28 February. Several men appointed to the office of were given blessings in that 28 February meeting. The blessings continued in this 1 March 1835 meeting, and at least thirty-three individuals, including some not designated as seventies, were blessed. All those receiving ordinations and blessings in this meeting had participated in the expedition. According to later reminiscences, many of these blessings were performed by members of the church presidency, including JS, his , , and . The minutes indicate that several individuals who had recently been were also confirmed members of the church at the meeting, and the sacrament of the Lord’s Supper was administered. JS also gave instructions on the necessity of worthiness when partaking of the sacrament.It is unclear who originally recorded the ordination blessings or the minutes of the meeting. later copied them into Minute Book 1.
Footnotes
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1
For more information about these meetings and the Seventy in general, see Historical Introduction to Minutes and Blessings, 28 Feb.–1 Mar. 1835.
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2
Although not all blessings explicitly state that an individual was ordained a seventy, it appears that the only men not made seventies at this time were John Murdock, Solomon Denton, Benjamin Winchester, Hyrum Smith, and Frederick G. Williams.
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3
Bradley, Zion’s Camp 1834, 269–275; Account with the Church of Christ, ca. 11–29 Aug. 1834.
Bradley, James L. Zion’s Camp 1834: Prelude to the Civil War. Logan, UT: By the author, 1990.
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4
For examples, see Hutchings, Journal, 15 Feb. 1835; Burgess, Autobiography, 4; and “Biographies of the Seventies of the Second Quorum,” 22.
Hutchings, Elias. Journal, Dec. 1834–Sept. 1836. CHL. MS 1445.
Burgess, Harrison. Autobiography, ca. 1883. Photocopy. CHL. MS 893. Also available as “Sketch of a Well-Spent Life,” in Labors in the Vineyard, Faith-Promoting Series 12 (Salt Lake City: Juvenile Instructor Office, 1884), 65–74.
“Biographies of the Seventies of the Second Quorum,” 1845–1855. In Seventies Quorum Records, 1844–1975. CHL. CR 499.
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1
Document Transcript
Footnotes
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1
A later JS history stated that “the Church in council” met on 28 February 1835 to select “certain individuals from the number of those who went up to Zion” as members of the Seventy. (JS History, vol. B-1, 577.)
JS History / Smith, Joseph, et al. History, 1838–1856. Vols. A-1–F-1 (original), A-2–E-2 (fair copy). Historian’s Office, History of the Church, 1839–ca. 1882. CHL. CR 100 102, boxes 1–7. The history for the period after 5 Aug. 1838 was composed after the death of Joseph Smith.
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2
According to the “Articles and Covenants” of the church, new members were confirmed “by the laying on of the hands, & the giving of the Holy Ghost.” (Articles and Covenants, ca. Apr. 1830, in Revelation Book 1, p. 55 [D&C 20:41].)
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3
The church’s Articles and Covenants instructed the church to “meet together oft to partake of bread & wine, in Rememberance of the Lord Jesus.” The sacrament was administered at early church conferences, and an August 1831 revelation directed church members to offer their sacraments on God’s “holy day.” (Articles and Covenants, ca. Apr. 1830, in Revelation Book 1, p. 57 [D&C 20:75]; Revelation, 7 Aug. 1831 [D&C 59:9].)
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4
The Book of Mormon relates that when Christ visited the Nephites after his resurrection, he told the twelve disciples he had selected that they should “not suffer any one, knowingly, to partake of my flesh and blood unworthily, when ye shall minister it.” (Book of Mormon, 1830 ed., 492 [3 Nephi 18:28–29].)
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5
Barlow’s blessing is not recorded here, but he presumably received one like the others.
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6
According to a later source, Levi Hancock was absent when JS designated the Seventy; he received his ordination at a later time. Hancock’s own reminiscences place him in Kirtland in February 1835, but they do not mention his ordination. The record of his blessing, however, is different from the others in that it does not address Hancock directly but in the third person. (Young, History of the Organization of the Seventies, 4; Hancock, Autobiography, 149–150.)
Young, Joseph, Sr. History of the Organization of the Seventies: Names of First and Second Quorums. Items in Relation to the First Presidency of the Seventies. Also, a Brief Glance at Enoch and His City. Embellished with a Likeness of Joseph Smith, the Prophet, and a View of the Kirtland Temple. Salt Lake City: Deseret News Steam Printing Establishment, 1878.
Hancock, Mosiah Lyman. "Autobiography of Levi Ward Hancock," ca. 1896. CHL. MS 570.
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7
See Matthew 25:21, 23.
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8
Salmon Warner (1798–1870) is listed in the 1830 census as living in Wadsworth, Ohio. He was baptized on 6 April 1833 and attended a conference in Norton, Ohio, in April 1834. (Backman, Profile, 74; 1830 U.S. Census, Wadsworth, Medina Co., OH, 184; Minutes and Discourse, 21 Apr. 1834.)
Backman, Milton V., Jr., comp. A Profile of Latter-day Saints of Kirtland, Ohio, and Members of Zion’s Camp, 1830–1839: Vital Statistics and Sources. 2nd ed. Provo, UT: Department of Church History and Doctrine and Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University, 1983.
Census (U.S.) / U.S. Bureau of the Census. Population Schedules. Microfilm. FHL.
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9
A reference to Warner’s participation in the Camp of Israel expedition.
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10
See Acts 4:36.
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11
See Revelation 20:6; and Revelation, Sept. 1830–A [D&C 29:11].
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12
Aldrich left Missouri for Kirtland with Willard Snow in October 1834. He arrived in Kirtland on 20 February 1835. (Hazen Aldrich, Report, Feb. 1835, Missionary Reports, 1831–1900, CHL.)
Missionary Reports, 1831–1900. CHL. MS 6104.
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13
See 1 Timothy 3:16; and Revelation, ca. Summer 1829 [D&C 19:10].
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14
See Revelation, 26 Apr. 1832 [D&C 82:7].
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15
See Isaiah 18:2.
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16
See 2 Timothy 2:3.
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17
In June 1835, Aldrich left Kirtland with Darwin Richardson and traveled to New Hampshire and Maine. Upon returning in December 1835, Aldrich stated that he had “traveled almost 2.000 miles, held 43 meetings & Baptized six.” (Hazen Aldrich, Report, Feb. 1835, Missionary Reports, 1831–1900, CHL.)
Missionary Reports, 1831–1900. CHL. MS 6104.
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18
Murdock, who was ordained a high priest in June 1831, had served several missions since his baptism in November 1830. After accompanying the Camp of Israel to Missouri, he remained there for a couple of months before departing in September 1834 with Zebedee Coltrin to “prech to the Eastren country.” Murdock arrived in Kirtland from this mission on 19 February 1835. (Minutes, ca. 3–4 June 1831; Murdock, Journal, 24 Sept. 1834 and 19 Feb. 1835.)
Murdock, John. Journal, ca. 1830–1859. John Murdock, Journal and Autobiography, ca. 1830–1867. CHL. MS 1194, fd. 2.
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19
See Deuteronomy 28:5.
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20
Murdock suffered ill health throughout his journey back from Missouri, but on 20 February 1835, he was blessed by church patriarch Joseph Smith Sr. that he would “be healed of the infirmities of [his] body.” (Murdock, Journal, 20 Feb. 1835.)
Murdock, John. Journal, ca. 1830–1859. John Murdock, Journal and Autobiography, ca. 1830–1867. CHL. MS 1194, fd. 2.
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21
Murdock received a blessing from Joseph Smith Sr., patriarch of the church, on 20 February 1835. (Murdock, Journal, 20 Feb. 1835.)
Murdock, John. Journal, ca. 1830–1859. John Murdock, Journal and Autobiography, ca. 1830–1867. CHL. MS 1194, fd. 2.
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22
Willard Snow (1811–1853) was born in St. Johnsbury, Vermont, and was baptized in June 1833. He was ordained a priest in August 1833 and an elder in August 1834. After the Camp of Israel was disbanded, Snow traveled back to Kirtland with Hazen Aldrich, preaching along the way. He arrived in Kirtland on 20 February 1835. After receiving this ordination, Snow left for St. Johnsbury with Henry Harriman and then moved to Missouri. (Willard Snow, Autobiographical Sketch, [1]–[2], Obituary Notices and Biographies, CHL; Willard Snow, Report, 14 Mar. 1835, Missionary Reports, 1831–1900, CHL.)
Obituary Notices and Biographies, 1854–1877. CHL. MS 4760.
Missionary Reports, 1831–1900. CHL. MS 6104.
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23
See Luke 21:26; and Revelation, 3 Nov. 1831 [D&C 133:58].
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24
George A. Smith later remembered that his ordination occurred “under the hands of Joseph Smith Senr, Joseph Smith Junr. and Sidney Rigdon, who was spokesman.” A later copy of the blessing stated that it was “given under the hands of Joseph Smith Sen” but also indicated that JS and Rigdon participated in the blessing. (George A. Smith, Autobiography, 59; Ordination, 1 Mar. 1835, George Albert Smith, Papers, CHL.)
Smith, George A. Autobiography, ca. 1860–1882. George Albert Smith, Papers, 1834–1877. CHL. MS 1322, box 1, fd. 2.
Smith, George Albert. Papers, 1834–1877. CHL. MS 1322.
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25
See Acts 9:15.
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26
See Psalm 91:11; and Revelation, 22–23 Sept. 1832 [D&C 84:42].
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27
See Jeremiah 48:47; 49:39; Isaiah 11:10–14; and “The Gathering,” The Evening and the Morning Star, May 1834, 160.
The Evening and the Morning Star. Independence, MO, June 1832–July 1833; Kirtland, OH, Dec. 1833–Sept. 1834.
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28
Perhaps a reference to Jeremiah 23:1–4.
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29
See Revelation 20:4–6.
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30
Zebedee Coltrin later remembered that his ordination blessing came “under the hands of Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery, Joseph Smith being mouth.” He also recalled being ordained as a president of the Seventy “a few days afterwards” by JS, Hyrum Smith, Joseph Smith Sr., Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer, Frederick G. Williams, and Sidney Rigdon, “who was mouth.” (Coltrin, Autobiographical Sketch, [2].)
Coltrin, Zebedee. Autobiographical Sketch, 1880. Typescript. CHL. MS 2793.
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31
See 2 Corinthians 11:5; and Book of Mormon, 1830 ed., 437 [Helaman 11:19].
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32
Daniel Stephens was baptized in June 1832 in New York and was ordained an elder the following month. He spent a considerable amount of time after his baptism preaching in New York and Pennsylvania before accompanying the Camp of Israel expedition to Missouri. (Daniel Stephens, Report, 16 Feb. 1835, Missionary Reports, 1831–1900, CHL.)
Missionary Reports, 1831–1900. CHL. MS 6104.
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33
Joseph Smith Sr. began giving patriarchal blessings after he was ordained a patriarch in December 1834. Oliver Cowdery started recording blessings into a patriarchal blessing book in September 1835, but there is no record of a blessing to Stephens in that book. Cowdery noted that “there were many blessings given previous” to that time, but he did not have a record of all of them, “as many retain their blessings in their own hands, not yet having handed them in to be recorded.” (Patriarchal Blessings, 1:9, 16.)
Patriarchal Blessings, 1833–. CHL. CR 500 2.
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34
See Revelation, 16 Apr. 1830 [D&C 22]; Vision, 16 Feb. 1832 [D&C 76:69]; and Revelation, 22–23 Sept. 1832 [D&C 84:57].
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35
This appears to be an incident where Brigham Young was exercising the gift of tongues, which the Bible indicated was bestowed on an individual by God’s spirit. Kirtland church members first experienced this gift in 1830 and 1831, but it largely disappeared after JS “identified some of the ecstatic manifestations” of the Saints as excessive and “ungodly” at a June 1831 conference. However, when Brigham Young first met JS in November 1832, Young spoke in tongues, which, according to a later JS history, was the first time JS “had heard this Gift among the brethren.” Singing in tongues, which Young did in this meeting, had occurred previously. At a 27 February 1833 gathering, an individual later identified as David W. Patten sang a song in tongues. When William W. Phelps published the translation of this song in The Evening and the Morning Star, he placed it under the title “Songs of Zion.” (Staker, Hearken, O Ye People, 175; JS History, vol. A-1, addenda, 2nA; Song, 27 Feb. 1833, in Revelation Book 2, pp. 48–49; Mysteries of God, [no date], copy at CHL; “Songs of Zion,” The Evening and the Morning Star, May 1833, [8]; see also Acts 2:4; 1 Corinthians 12:8–10; Book of Mormon, 1830 ed., 586 [Moroni 10:15–17]; Revelation, ca. 8 Mar. 1831–A [D&C 46:24–25]; Historian’s Office, Brigham Young History Drafts, 4; and Esplin, “Emergence of Brigham Young,” 92–94; for more information on the gift of tongues among church members, see Vogel and Dunn, “Tongue of Angels,” 1–34.)
Staker, Mark L. Hearken, O Ye People: The Historical Setting of Joseph Smith’s Ohio Revelations. Salt Lake City: Greg Kofford Books, 2009.
JS History / Smith, Joseph, et al. History, 1838–1856. Vols. A-1–F-1 (original), A-2–E-2 (fair copy). Historian’s Office, History of the Church, 1839–ca. 1882. CHL. CR 100 102, boxes 1–7. The history for the period after 5 Aug. 1838 was composed after the death of Joseph Smith.
Murray, Joyce Martin, and Martin Richard Murray. Greene County, Tennessee, Deed Abstracts, 1810–1822. 2 vols. Dallas, TX: J. M. Murphy, 1996.Mysteries of God, As Revealed to Enoch, on the Mount Mehujah, and Sung in Tongues by Elder D. W. Patton, of the “Church of Latter Day Saints,” (Who Fell a Martyr to the Cause of Christ, in the Missouri Persecution,) and Interpreted by Elder S. Rigdon. Broadside, [After 1838]. Copy at CHL.
The Evening and the Morning Star. Independence, MO, June 1832–July 1833; Kirtland, OH, Dec. 1833–Sept. 1834.
Historian’s Office. Brigham Young History Drafts, 1856–1858. CHL. CR 100 475, box 1, fd. 5.
Esplin, Ronald K. “The Emergence of Brigham Young and the Twelve to Mormon Leadership, 1830–1841.” PhD diss., Brigham Young University, 1981. Also available as The Emergence of Brigham Young and the Twelve to Mormon Leadership, 1830–1841, Dissertations in Latter-day Saint History (Provo, UT: Joseph Fielding Smith Institute for Latter-day Saint History; BYU Studies, 2006).
Vogel, Dan, and Scott C. Dunn. “‘ The Tongue of Angels’: Glossolalia among Mormonism’s Founders.” Journal of Mormon History 19, no. 2 (Fall 1993): 1–34.
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36
A reference to Stratton’s participation in the Camp of Israel.
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37
Solomon Denton (1816–1864), who was baptized in 1831, began boarding with JS in December 1833 while he worked in the church’s printing shop in Kirtland. (Lancaster and Reed, Oakland County, Michigan, 71; Trial Proceedings, State of Ohio on Complaint of Grandison Newell v. JS, Painesville [OH] Telegraph, 9 June 1837, [2]; JS, Journal, 11 Dec. 1833.)
Lancaster, Beverly, and Russel Reed. Oakland County, Michigan: Oak Hill Cemetery (Older Sections), 1822–1991. Pontiac, MI: Pontiac Area Historical and Genealogical Society, 1992.
Painesville Telegraph. Painesville, OH. 1822–1986.
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38
Denton apparently lived in Missouri before coming to Kirtland in December 1833 after the Saints were expelled from Jackson County, Missouri. (Trial Proceedings, State of Ohio on Complaint of Grandison Newell v. JS, Painesville [OH] Telegraph, 9 June 1837, [2].)
Painesville Telegraph. Painesville, OH. 1822–1986.
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39
See Ephesians 6:4; and Book of Mormon, 1830 ed., 143 [Enos 1:1].
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40
Thayer was apparently a member of the Seventy for only a brief period. At a 2 May 1835 council, he was “suspended as an Elder”; the minutes of the meeting make no mention of his status as a seventy. However, when Cyrus Smalling was ordained a seventy, his ordination blessing stated that he would “stand in the office of elder Ezra Thayer, who by transgression fell.” An introduction to that blessing also said that Smalling was being ordained to the Seventy “in the place of Ezra Thayer.” (Minutes and Discourse, 2 May 1835; Ordination and Blessing of Cyrus Smalling, 30 June 1835.)
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41
Harrison Burgess (1814–1883) was baptized in July 1832 in New York and moved with his family to Kirtland in September 1833. After being discharged from the Camp of Israel in July 1834, he traveled back to Kirtland, arriving there “about the last of July” 1834. He later recalled receiving this ordination blessing as a seventy “under the hands of Joseph Smith Jun, Joseph Smith [Sr.], and Sydney Rigdon.” (Burgess, Autobiography, 1, 3–4; Backman, Profile, 11.)
Burgess, Harrison. Autobiography, ca. 1883. Photocopy. CHL. MS 893. Also available as “Sketch of a Well-Spent Life,” in Labors in the Vineyard, Faith-Promoting Series 12 (Salt Lake City: Juvenile Instructor Office, 1884), 65–74.
Backman, Milton V., Jr., comp. A Profile of Latter-day Saints of Kirtland, Ohio, and Members of Zion’s Camp, 1830–1839: Vital Statistics and Sources. 2nd ed. Provo, UT: Department of Church History and Doctrine and Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University, 1983.
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42
Alden Burdick (1803–1845) was born in western New York, the son of Gideon Burdick and Catherine Robertson. He and his family were baptized near Buffalo, New York, in June 1833. His father moved to Kirtland sometime in November 1833. Alden may have moved there around the same time. (Bennett, “Ancestors of Gideon Burdick,” 2–3; “Short Sketch of the Life of Mother/Laura Burdick Smith,” 1.)
Bennett, Archibald F. “ The Ancestors of Gideon Burdick,” no date. Typescript. Burdick Family Histories. CHL. MS 18469.
“Short Sketch of the Life of Mother/Laura Burdick Smith,” no date. Typescript. Burdick Family Histories. CHL. MS 18469.
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43
See Psalms 33:18; 34:15.
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44
This probably refers to missionaries from other churches. Except for excursions into Upper Canada, no missionaries for the church had yet preached outside of the United States or on any islands. (For an example of preaching in Upper Canada, see JS, Journal, 14–29 Oct. 1833.)
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45
William Cahoon later wrote that his ordination occurred on 28 February 1835, not 1 March. (Cahoon, Autobiography, 44.)
Cahoon, William F. Autobiography, 1878. Microfilm. CHL. MS 8433.
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46
Cahoon, who was twenty-one at this time, had been accused in October 1831 of “offering abuse” to one of Newel K. and Elizabeth Smith Whitney’s children. (Minutes, 21 Oct. 1831.)
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47
See Revelation, 1 Aug. 1831 [D&C 58:27].
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48
See Isaiah 49:2; and Book of Mormon, 1830 ed., 54 [1 Nephi 21:2].
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49
In a charge given to those called as apostles, Oliver Cowdery counseled them to “never cease striving until you have seen God, face to face. . . . We require as much to qualify us as did those who have gone before us.” (Minutes and Blessings, 21 Feb. 1835.)
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50
See Book of Mormon, 1830 ed., 120 [2 Nephi 32:2–3].
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51
A reference to Baldwin’s participation in the Camp of Israel expedition. Baldwin noted in a later account that he was made a seventy “one year and ten months from the day I was baptized.” (Baldwin, Account of Zion’s Camp, 20.)
Baldwin, Nathan Bennett. Account of Zion’s Camp, 1882. Typescript. CHL. MS 499.
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52
On 30 June 1835, Baldwin left Kirtland with Milo Andrus to preach in New York. They returned sometime the following winter. (Baldwin, Account of Zion’s Camp, 21; Andrus, Autobiography, 5.)
Baldwin, Nathan Bennett. Account of Zion’s Camp, 1882. Typescript. CHL. MS 499.
Andrus, Milo. Autobiography, 1875. Private possession. Photocopy at CHL. MS 6533.
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53
See Revelation, 22–23 Sept. 1832 [D&C 84:80].
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54
Benjamin Winchester was the son of Stephen Winchester. He and his father both went on the Camp of Israel expedition. Benjamin was born on 6 August 1817, making him seventeen at this time. (Whittaker, “East of Nauvoo,” 32–35.)
Whittaker, David J. “East of Nauvoo: Benjamin Winchester and the Early Mormon Church.” Journal of Mormon History 21 (Fall 1995): 30–83.
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55
See Book of Mormon, 1830 ed., 433, 472, 572 [Helaman 9:22; 3 Nephi 8:23; Ether 15:17].
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56
See Revelation, ca. 7 Mar. 1831 [D&C 45:66].
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57
See Revelation, 29 Oct. 1831 [D&C 66:11].
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58
See Genesis 5:24; Old Testament Revision 1, p. 19 [Moses 7:69]; and 2 Kings 2:11.
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59
In February 1833, a council of high priests accused Riggs “of not magnifying his calling as a high Priest in the Church of Christ,” stating that Riggs “had been guilty of neglect of duty and abusing the Elders and treating their admonition and advice with contempt.” He was formally cut off from the church on 26 February 1833 but was apparently reinstated sometime thereafter. Riggs was one of the participants in the Camp of Israel expedition. (Minute Book 1, 13 and 26 Feb. 1833; Account with the Church of Christ, ca. 11–29 Aug. 1834.)
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60
See Revelation, July 1830–A [D&C 24:9].
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61
See 1 Corinthians 9:14.
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62
Lewis Robbins (1811–1864) was living in Busti, New York, in July 1832 when he was baptized by Simeon Carter. Robbins moved to Kirtland in July 1833 and was ordained an elder in February 1834. After reaching Missouri with the Camp of Israel expedition in June 1834, he stayed in the area until October 1834, when he began his return journey to Kirtland with Lorenzo Barnes. He reached Kirtland on 13 January 1835. (“Biographies of the Seventies of the Second Quorum,” 21–22; Lewis Robbins, Report, 24 Feb. 1835, Missionary Reports, 1831–1900, CHL.)
“Biographies of the Seventies of the Second Quorum,” 1845–1855. In Seventies Quorum Records, 1844–1975. CHL. CR 499.
Missionary Reports, 1831–1900. CHL. MS 6104.
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63
Robbins later wrote that his ordination to the Seventy occurred “under the hands of Joseph Smith Sen. Joseph Smith Jun and Sidney Rigdon.” (“Biographies of the Seventies of the Second Quorum,” 22.)
“Biographies of the Seventies of the Second Quorum,” 1845–1855. In Seventies Quorum Records, 1844–1975. CHL. CR 499.
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64
Robbins remembered that he was ordained “as one of the first Seventies as a messenger unto the nations of the Earth.” (“Biographies of the Seventies of the Second Quorum,” 22.)
“Biographies of the Seventies of the Second Quorum,” 1845–1855. In Seventies Quorum Records, 1844–1975. CHL. CR 499.
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65
See 2 Corinthians 11:5; and Book of Mormon, 1830 ed., 437 [Helaman 11:19].
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66
See James 2:23.
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67
Darwin Richardson (1812–1860) was born in Lisbon, New Hampshire. After receiving this blessing, he accompanied Hazen Aldrich to New Hampshire and Maine, “proclaiming the Gospel in publick in every place where we found open doors.” Aldrich and Richardson returned to Kirtland in December 1835. (Backman, Profile, 58; Hazen Aldrich, Report, Feb. 1835, Missionary Reports, 1831–1900, CHL.)
Backman, Milton V., Jr., comp. A Profile of Latter-day Saints of Kirtland, Ohio, and Members of Zion’s Camp, 1830–1839: Vital Statistics and Sources. 2nd ed. Provo, UT: Department of Church History and Doctrine and Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University, 1983.
Missionary Reports, 1831–1900. CHL. MS 6104.
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68
See 1 Corinthians 15:52; Revelation, Feb. 1831–A [D&C 43:32]; Revelation, 30 Aug. 1831 [D&C 63:51]; and Revelation, 16–17 Dec. 1833 [D&C 101:30–31].
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69
Joseph Young later recounted that, in addition to him, six others were ordained as presidents over the Seventy: Sylvester Smith, Zebedee Coltrin, Hazen Aldrich, Levi Hancock, Leonard Rich, and Lyman Sherman. Only Young’s and Smith’s ordination blessings as recorded here reflect that appointment. (Young, History of the Organization of the Seventies, 1, 4.)
Young, Joseph, Sr. History of the Organization of the Seventies: Names of First and Second Quorums. Items in Relation to the First Presidency of the Seventies. Also, a Brief Glance at Enoch and His City. Embellished with a Likeness of Joseph Smith, the Prophet, and a View of the Kirtland Temple. Salt Lake City: Deseret News Steam Printing Establishment, 1878.
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70
See Book of Mormon, 1830 ed., 124 [Jacob 1:19]; Revelation, July 1830–A [D&C 24:9]; Revelation, 22–23 Sept. 1832 [D&C 84:33]; and Revelation, 27–28 Dec. 1832 [D&C 88:80].
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71
In a May 1835 conference, Young, together with the other presidents of the Seventy, was told to “hold himself in readiness to go at the call of the Twelve, when the Lord opens the way.” (Minutes and Discourse, 2 May 1835.)
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72
See Deuteronomy 33:16–17.
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73
Hiram Winters (1805–1889) was listed in the 1830 census as living in Ellicott, New York, where he operated a sawmill. He was baptized in June 1833 and moved to Kirtland probably sometime in November 1833. He remembered his ordination blessing occurring “under the hands of the Prophet Joseph Smith.” (1830 U.S. Census, Ellicott, Chautauqua Co., NY, 327; Olsen, Among the Remnant Who Lingered, 12, 15, 19, 26, 86.)
Census (U.S.) / U.S. Bureau of the Census. Population Schedules. Microfilm. FHL.
Olsen, Beth Radmall. Among the Remnant Who Lingered: The History of Rebecca Burdick and Hiram Winters and Their Families. Orem, UT: Micro Dynamics Electronic Publishing, 1997.
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74
Elias Hutchings (1784–1845) was living in Orange, Ohio, when he was baptized on 17 November 1830. After accompanying the Camp of Israel expedition to Missouri, he was ordained an elder in December 1834. He then returned to Kirtland. Hutchings recalled that he received a blessing “for Gowing up to Zion” on 15 February 1835 under the hands of JS, Joseph Smith Sr., and Sidney Rigdon. This was likely his ordination blessing to the Seventy. (“Biography,” Times and Seasons, 15 Apr. 1845, 6:876; Hutchings, Journal, 15 Dec. 1834 and 15 Feb. 1835.)
Times and Seasons. Commerce/Nauvoo, IL. Nov. 1839–Feb. 1846.
Hutchings, Elias. Journal, Dec. 1834–Sept. 1836. CHL. MS 1445.
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75
See Revelation, 1 Aug. 1831 [D&C 58:27].
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76
See Book of Mormon, 1830 ed., 510 [3 Nephi 28:9]; Account of John, Apr. 1829–C [D&C 7:4].
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77
See Luke 21:15.
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78
An April 1832 revelation designated Kirtland as a “stake to Zion,” using imagery expressed in Isaiah 54:2–3. (Revelation, 26 Apr. 1832 [D&C 82:13].)
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79
See Revelation 1:20.
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80
See Book of Mormon, 1830 ed., 316 [Alma 32:34].
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81
See 2 Samuel 22:11; and Psalms 18:10; 104:3.
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82
Frederick G. Williams traveled to Missouri with Oliver Cowdery, Peter Whitmer Jr., Ziba Peterson, and Parley P. Pratt in winter 1830–1831. He then went with the Camp of Israel expedition to Missouri in summer 1834. (Pratt, Autobiography, 61; Letter to Emma Smith, 18 May 1834.)
Pratt, Parley P. The Autobiography of Parley Parker Pratt, One of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, Embracing His Life, Ministry and Travels, with Extracts, in Prose and Verse, from His Miscellaneous Writings. Edited by Parley P. Pratt Jr. New York: Russell Brothers, 1874.
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83
See Psalm 139:9.